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The phase-plane coordination measure (Hamill et al. 2000): each joint angle is mapped to a phase angle from its (normalised) phase portrait, and the continuous relative phase is their difference through the movement. Its mean absolute value (MARP) summarises whether the joints move more in-phase (near 0) or out-of-phase (near 180).

Usage

continuousRelativePhase(angle1, angle2, normalize = TRUE)

Arguments

angle1, angle2

Numeric joint-angle time series of equal length, one movement cycle (typically time-normalised); angle1 is the reference (e.g. proximal) joint.

normalize

Normalise the phase portrait (recommended; corrects for amplitude differences).

Value

a crp_result list: crp (degrees, wrapped to +/-180), phase1, phase2 (phase angles, degrees) and marp (mean absolute relative phase).

References

Hamill J, et al. (2000) Clin Biomech 15:S31-S39.

Examples

t <- seq(0, 2 * pi, length.out = 101)
continuousRelativePhase(sin(t), sin(t))$marp        # in-phase ~ 0
#> [1] 0